Excessive input of phosphorus (P) in agricultural production and its finite resources is becoming a global concern for sustainable P management. In this study, the annual P input and output were calculated in 27 Fluvo-aquic soil sites of wheat and maize agriculture cropping systems in Henan province central-east of China during the period from 1998 to 2016, with wheat and maize agriculture cropping system. Therefore, to quantify the current soil Olsen P (OP) levels and P budget at the experimental sites and calculate the optimum P fertilizer application. The maize and wheat recorded 14.2 and 13.6 mg kg-1 respectively. The change in soil OP was positively linearly correlated with the P budget (P < 0.01), and an increase of 2.8 mg kg-1in soil Olsen P for each 100 kg ha-1 of P budget in the 0–20 cm soil layer. Based on ACV of soil OP with P budget, the recommended rate model of soil OP for maize and wheat in the study area in the next five years was established, and the critical level of soil OP to ACV in the study area for the next five years was determined. The application amount of P fertilizer ought to be in the range of 64-85 kg P ha-1. This information can help to optimize crop yield, reduce the accumulation of P in soil, and reduce the potential risk of water pollution.